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Guinea Artisanal Fishing
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在气候变化的影响之下,没有任何一个国家能够幸免,但世界最贫困国家承担的负担最重。在过去10年间,这些国家遭受的自然灾害数量几乎是30年前的8倍,造成的经济损失增加了3倍。

“我看到房屋倒塌,邻居们都在竭力抢救任何能抢救的财物,”若昂·费尔南德斯说,他居住的圣多美圣卡塔琳娜村被暴雨引发的洪水淹没。“我家的房子已经歪到了一边,大水涌进屋里,我们的财物都漂在水面上。我的妻子正处在第二次怀孕的最后几天,几乎动弹不了。我只得祈祷房子不要塌,天气好转。”

对于像若昂所在的社区来说,气候危机迫在眉睫。尽管他们对气候变化的影响最小,但却面临着影响生活和生计的景观变化、影响作物产量和粮食价格的自然资源压力以及越来越危险和破坏性极大的极端天气事件。很多人都目睹了近年来的发展成果在气候影响下遭到破坏。[tweetquote:[tweetText=如果不采取行动,到2030年,生活在最脆弱国家的1.3亿多人口将因气候变化而陷入极端贫困状况。,tweetData=WorldBank,tweetHash=]]

正因为如此,对于世界银行为全球75个最贫困国家设立的全球团结基金来说,气候行动就是发展行动。自2011年以来,国际开发协会(简称IDA)对气候的关注度稳步上升。[tweetquote:[tweetText=世界银行是全球气候融资的最大来源,国际开发协会的赠款和优惠贷款在所有广泛的气候行动领域都发挥了重要作用,tweetData=WorldBank,tweetHash=]],从帮助各国制定适应战略以防范气候变化的不利影响,到增强韧性以便在气候灾害发生时有所准备,以及抓住机遇构建更加绿色的未来。

适应与韧性:帮助社区做好应对气候变化的准备

加强气候适应就是为应对当前和未来的气候风险制定长期的、系统的规划。[tweetquote:[tweetText=鉴于不断变化的天气模式和越来越频繁且危险的自然灾害,国际开发协会正在帮助各国将增强韧性纳入其发展议程。,tweetData=WorldBank,tweetHash=]]为保护、保存或修复海岸带的投资可以成为抵御海平面上升和强风暴的重要保障措施。在孟加拉国和西非等地,数千公里的海岸线是数百万人的家园,[tweetquote:[tweetText=国际开发协会正在帮助进行跨行业和国家间的协调,以确保海岸带保障社区的安全,能够维持子孙后代的生计,并对海岸侵蚀、盐水入侵和洪水起到缓冲作用。  ,tweetData=WorldBank,tweetHash=]]

“我们家是受洪水和泥石流影响最大的家庭之一,所以我们自愿搬迁,”若昂·费尔南德斯说,他家的住房是国际开发协会支持的“西非沿海地区项目”在安全地区建造的首批住房之一。“我感觉很好,我的家人安全了。”
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我看到房屋倒塌,邻居们都在竭力抢救任何能抢救的财物。我家的房子已经歪到一边,大水涌进屋里,我们的财物都漂在水面上。我的妻子正处在第二次怀孕的最后几天,几乎动弹不了。我只得祈祷房子不要塌,天气好转。
若昂·费尔南德斯
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Responsible Use of the Inshore Fishery in Kiribati: The Influential Role of Fisheries Officers
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description
Maaria Henry is a young i-Kiribati fisheries officer who shares her passion to protect her ocean home. The Republic of Kiribati has the largest ocean Exclusive Economic Zone in the world, and its fisheries industry makes up 51% of the country’s GDP. Responsible management of fisheries is a critical concern for Kiribati; from fleet management, all the way down to coastal fisheries that provide most communities with their livelihoods and sustenance. Thanks to the Kiribati Fisheries Department, supported by the World Bank through the Pacific Islands Regional Oceanscape Program (PROP), attitudes toward fisheries conservation are changing rapidly. By engaging directly with communities, reviewing and refining their processes, Fisheries workers are seeing measurable improvements in responsible use of the inshore fishery. Learn more: http://wrld.bg/jf8A50GTFB5 ABOUT THE WORLD BANK GROUP 🌐 The World Bank Group is one of the world’s largest sources of funding and knowledge for low-income countries. Its five institutions share a commitment to reducing poverty, increasing shared prosperity, and promoting sustainable development. http://www.worldbank.org
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For communities like João’s, the climate crisis is urgent. Despite contributing the least to climate change, they are facing changing landscapes that impact lives and livelihoods, stressed natural resources that affect crop yields and food prices, and extreme weather events that are ever more dangerous and devasting. Many have seen recent development gains undermined by climate impacts. Without action, more than 130 million people living in the most vulnerable countries will be pushed into extreme poverty due to climate change by 2030.

That’s why for the World Bank’s global solidarity fund for the world’s 75 poorest countries, climate action is development in action. For the International Development Association (IDA), a focus on climate has been increasing steadily since 2011. The World Bank is the largest source of global climate finance, and IDA’s grants and concessional financing have been instrumental across all broad climate action areas, from helping countries pursue adaptation strategies that ready them for the adverse effects of the changing climate, to building resilience so they are prepared when climate disasters occur, and seizing opportunities to realize a greener future.

Adaptation and Resilience: Preparing Communities in the Face of Climate Change

Good adaptation is about long-term, systematic planning for both present-day and future climate risks. Given changing weather patterns, and more frequent and dangerous natural disasters, IDA is helping countries to integrate resilience into their development agendas. Investments that protect, preserve, or rehabilitate coastal zones can be important safeguards against rising sea levels and powerful storms. In places like Bangladesh and West Africa, where thousands of kilometers of coastline are home to millions, IDA is helping to coordinate across sectors, and countries in some cases, to ensure these areas are safe for communities, can support livelihoods for generations to come, and provide a buffer from erosion, saline intrusion, and flooding.

“I am part of the families most affected by the floods and mudslides, so we volunteered to be relocated,” said João Fernandes, whose family home was one of the first residences built in safer areas as part of the IDA-supported West Africa Coastal Area project. “I feel very good that my family will be safer.”

当灾害发生时,韧性基础设施可以最大限度地减少对人民生计和福祉的广泛影响。东亚与太平洋地区的小岛屿发展中国家特别容易受到气候变化的影响,国际开发协会在这些地区支持的项目,如“太平洋气候韧性交通项目”,正在帮助进行机场和港口等主要基础设施的升级改造,而“太平洋地区安全学校项目”和“太平洋地区韧性项目”正在进行学校校舍加固工程以保障学生安全,并提供避难疏散中心在紧急情况下保护生命。

减缓:推进绿色与可持续未来

[tweetquote:[tweetText=尽管国际开发协会借款国在全球温室气体排放量中占比很小,但制定投资清洁能源、森林恢复和蓝色经济等减缓战略可以有助于促进低碳经济增长。,tweetData=WorldBank,tweetHash=]]

[tweetquote:[tweetText=发展区域能源基础设施网络是国际开发协会帮助各国能源行业成为绿色和韧性发展引擎的一种方式。,tweetData=WorldBank,tweetHash=]]电网整合不仅提高了电力的整体可靠性和可负担性,还通过利用风能、太阳能和水力发电等更清洁的能源代替化石燃料发电,使发电更具可持续性。国际开发协会向“西非电力池”和“区域太阳能发电紧急干预项目”(简称RESPITE)提供支持,帮助该地区各国实现一体化的收益,同时增加该地区亿万现有和潜在消费者的电力供应,并为太阳能和水力发电装机与运营提供资金。

塞拉利昂总统朱利叶斯·马达·比奥总统阁下表示:“区域太阳能发电紧急干预项目是在能源供应和可及性方面革命的开始。我们现在的能源支出比18个月前要高得多。这种区域性干预在短期内是非常必要的。今天,我们各国正在朝着正确的方向迈出大胆的一步。”

[tweetquote:[tweetText=在拥有丰富的水能、地热能、风能和太阳能等可再生能源资源的国家,国际开发协会正在帮助利用这些资源支持经济增长和发展。,tweetData=WorldBank,tweetHash=]]国际开发协会的资金对于饱受脆弱、冲突和暴力影响的国家尤为重要。在中非共和国,首个可再生能源投资项目——一座具有电池储能功能的新建太阳能发电园区——将取代目前90%以上的柴油发电。在也门,国际开发协会的资金使得太阳能解决方案能够为居民、公共服务设施和学校提供急需的电力。在索马里,国际开发协会正在利用其私营部门窗口建设一座太阳能混合发电厂,以取代目前的柴油发电。

海洋和森林在减缓气候变化之战中具有极其重要的意义。海洋和森林发挥碳汇作用,吸收将热量困在大气中导致地球变暖的温室气体,它们对于当地社区的健康和经济发展也是必不可少的。在刚果民主共和国埃塞俄比亚,国际开发协会支持的项目致力于减少森林砍伐和森林退化,改善土壤健康和生物多样性,同时还帮助当地社区采用可持续农业实践。

https://delivery-p136806-e1377785.adobeaemcloud.com/adobe/assets/urn:aaid:aem:e92eacd1-5e9e-400d-86d9-7c9282c2c179/as/energy-trade-wapp-ida-20-stories.png

“在基里巴斯,海洋是我们的生命......我们的人民依赖它。我们必须为我们的下一代守护好它,“玛莉亚·亨利说,她在新成立的渔业执法部门工作,该部门的任务是通过禁止不可持续的捕捞方式和促进更负责任的渔业管理,帮助保护国内的鱼类种群。

国际开发协会的气候融资正在帮助各国兼顾应对气候变化和促进发展。[tweetquote:[tweetText=国际开发协会借款国吸取发达国家对气候影响显著的高排放型增长的前车之鉴,通过将增强韧性与可持续性纳入议程,投资开发清洁和可再生能源,保护自然资源,开辟一条崭新的通往未来的发展之路。,tweetData=WorldBank,tweetHash=]]这些努力不仅对地球有益,也是经济增长的驱动力,能够提高生产力和创造就业机会。

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